The unbearable whiteness of being

Last night, I was put in an awful mood after being told about something being called an “academic discipline,” but which makes very little sense.
That is a thing called “whiteness theory.”
I guess the attachment of the word “theory” means it’s no more proven than evolution or intelligent design, but the idea that there was an academic “theory” involving the “white race” just struck me as incredibly annoying after another long day wasted trying to make sense out of that despicable instrument of emotion-driven machinations we call the human brain.
Right away, I thought, “Well finally, they’ve done it!”
Racist Nazi crackpots, I assumed, had finally made it into academia with white multiculturalist, identity politics theories.
No, I was told. “Whiteness theory” is based on the premise that whiteness is not racial, but cultural, and premised on privilege and power — an all-encompassing cultural meme so pervasive as to be said to swallow literally everything we (there I go being “white” — because I’m assumed by the whiteness theorists to be assuming that everyone who reads this is white) take for granted. Even such things as science, art, logic itself. These are all part of whiteness. The privilege of being white.
“Such things cannot be!” I complained to my outraged white self. Why, this might mean that my very blog is contaminated by my whiteness.
How can I purge an evil so profound?
I tried to research this matter, and I found a number of websites, many of which cite a Harvard Law Review article titled “Whiteness as Property” as a foundation block of whiteness theory. In it, Cheryl Harris (now a UCLA law professor whose faculty web page describes the essay as “highly influential”) contends that whiteness is, well, property:

It was a given to my grandmother that being white automatically ensured higher economic returns in the short term, as well as greater economic, political, and social security in the long run. Becoming white meant gaining access to a whole set of public and private privileges that materially and permanently guaranteed basic subsistence needs and, therefore, survival. Becoming white increased the possibility of controlling critical aspects of one’s life rather than being the object of others’ domination.
My grandmother’s story illustrates the valorization of whiteness as treasured property in a society structured on racial caste. In ways so embedded that it is rarely apparent, the set of assumptions, privileges, and benefits that accompany the status of being white have become a valuable asset that whites sought to protect and that those who passed sought to attain – by fraud if necessary. Whites have come to expect and rely on these benefits, and over time these expectations have been affirmed, legitimated, and protected by the law. Even though the law is neither uniform nor explicit in all instances, in protecting settled expectations based on white privilege, American law has recognized a property interest in whiteness that, although unacknowledged, now forms the background against which legal disputes are framed, argued, and adjudicated. . . .

With all respect to Professor Harris (and what happened to her grandmother was dreadful), I don’t think it’s reasonable to build an entire academic discipline around the fact that certain black people once felt it was in their interests to try to “pass” as white. In other unfortunate times, Jews used to “pass” as Christian. Even today, closeted gay men often “pass” as “straight.” Norah Vincent just wrote a book about her experience “passing” as a man. Lots of immigrants felt a need to “Anglicize” their names (often because they were unpronounceable in this country; my family name was once spelled “Skjeie”).
So what?
But there I go, scoffing at a new idea just as it’s ready to be fully, um, integrated within the cultural mainstream. Despite the fact that it’s is still being scoffed at by racist inheritors of white privilege (doubtless I fall into this category anyway by my very act of breathing) “whiteness theory” is now widely recognized in academia, and rapidly gaining ground elsewhere:

That the so-called “white race” is not a scientific category but rather a historically constructed social formation, i.e., a kind of myth and indeed a life-threatening lie, is now widely recognized even in that bastion of white supremacy known as Academia. Not yet a decade old, the new abolitionist movement?the organized effort to abolish the white race as a social category, along with the whole miserabilist system that it does so much to sustain?reflects a widespread and growing grassroots ferment with its own characteristic forms of direct action (such as the “cop watch”) and an ebullient periodical literature, exemplified by the lively journal, Race Traitor, whose motto, “Treason to Whiteness Is Loyality to Humanity,” is perhaps the best short definition of the new movement.
Since belief in the white mystique has a demonstrably paralyzing effect on the collective solution of social problems, the current defection from whiteness must be seen as an authentically revolutionary sign of the times. Predictably, the powers-that-be have responded to the new abolitionism the way they always respond to emancipatory currents: with incomprehension and malice. An article in the New York Times Magazine (November, 1997) set the tone, deriding recent criticism of whiteness not only as an academic fad (“like porn studies a few years ago and queer theory before that”), but also as a trend established by and for whites.

It is important to note that whiteness is not a racial phenomenon, but an American one. Immigrants to this country who happen to be members of the Caucasian race do not start out white; they become white:

The critical examination of whiteness, academic and not, simply involves the effort to break through the illusion that whiteness is natural, biological, normal, and not crying out for explanation. Instead of accepting what James Baldwin called the “lie of whiteness,” many people in lots of different fields and movement activities have tried to productively make it into a problem. When did (some) people come to define themselves as white? In what conditions? How does the lie of whiteness get reproduced? What are its costs politically, morally and culturally? Not surprisingly, thinkers from groups for whom whiteness was and is a problem have taken the lead in studying whiteness in this way. Such study began with slave folktales and American Indian stories of contact with whites. The work of such writers as Baldwin, Cheryl Harris, Ida B. Wells, Am?rico Paredes, W.E. B. Du Bois, Leslie Silko, and Toni Morrison has deepened such traditions. For radical white writers wishing to forge interracial movements of poor and working people, whiteness has also long been a problem, with Alexander Saxton and Ted Allen making especially full efforts to understand whiteness in order to disillusion whites unable to see past the value of their own skins.

I’m still having a tough time seeing past the value of my skin. If it is a form of property, can I sell it, and use the money to move to a country where my whiteness isn’t property, or would I be stuck with its “value” there too? I’m not sure I like the idea of having valuable property which can’t be sold or alienated, and I’m glad I didn’t have to learn about this in my adolescence. I might hate myself more than I do now!
And since I just mentioned adolescents, I might as well report that some of them (at least the ones attending those schools normally thought to be tainted with high-priced whiteness) are having this “whiteness theory” drilled into their guilty little white brains:

Bobby Edwards, the amiable dean for Community and Multicultural Development at Phillips Academy (also known as Andover) in Massachusetts, the country?s oldest boarding school and among its most prestigious, is a case in point. ?I do more work than I anticipated around the race issue,? he says ruefully. Edwards teaches a tenth-grade required course called ?Life Issues,? which immerses students in the holy trinity of university multiculturalism: race, class, and gender. Many pupils tell Edwards that race is simply not a salient feature in their lives. It will be once Edwards gets through with them, though. He informs his class: ?Unless we work to help you have an understanding of the history around this issue, you won?t have a clear understanding of how you really do have a race issue.?
Most troubling to a diversity professional: even some ?students of color? are skeptical of racism talk. ?They say: ?I don?t think there?s an issue when I go into a store,? ? notes Edwards, incredulously. Rather than accepting the students? reported experience, Edwards chides them: ?Are you looking at the people following you around in the store??
Other prep-school diversity bureaucrats report the same resistance to their message of ?all racism, all the time.? Hugo Mahabir, head of multicultural concerns at the Fieldston Academy in the North Bronx, admits: ?Students today think, ?Adults don?t get it: we?re post?civil rights; we?re moving on to something else.? ? They see explicit discussions of race, gender, and class as ?divisive,? confesses Mahabir. Russell Willis, dean of multicultural affairs at Phillips Exeter Academy in New Hampshire, Andover?s younger sibling and archrival, finds it ?ironic? that some black students oppose affirmative action, since they benefit from it, he bitterly points out.
In a saner world, these little shoots of colorblindness would be encouraged to spread. A privileged independent school, especially a boarding school, is an ideal hothouse for nurturing them. With their arcadian campuses, rich endowments, and freedom to reject the pedagogical garbage peddled by government, ed schools, and teachers? unions, private schools can create whatever sort of educational utopia they choose.

I can’t begin to understand the thinking that goes on in the minds of parents who shell out huge sums of money to have their children indoctrinated with such poisonous drivel. I can’t help wonder, though…. Aren’t these boarding schools often used as dumping grounds for the children of rich parents who send the kids there because they don’t have time to raise them? To the extent this is true, might it also be true that they don’t have time to ascertain what’s being tought there?
The idea that “whiteness theory” should be promoted and taught in every university or college as part of “ethnic studies” is not new (so I am embarrassed by my ignorance). Considering that neither are ethnic studies requirements in most schools new, I’d say this is the sort of thing which will soon be a required part of what we call “education” — everywhere in the United States.
The following comes from a 1997 description of a conference held at the UC Berkeley Department of Comparative Ethnic Studies:

CONFERENCE DESCRIPTION:
As a recent articles in _American Quarterly_ and the _Chronicle of
Higher Education_ explain, there is a growing group of scholars who are working in a new field: the study of whiteness. This field has expanded over the past decade in part as a result of suggestions by intellectuals like Toni Morrison, who have long suggested that race studies must include a critical, self-reflexive body of work about whites which is both anti-racist and progressive. Thus, the study of whiteness is both comparative, in that whiteness is understood as one specific race among others, and critical, in that whiteness is generally viewed as a socially-constructed identity which has historically helped to perpetuate social inequalities. Scholars of whiteness represent a very diverse range of disciplines. Sociologists, historians, anthropologists, as well as practitioners of ethnic, legal, cultural, and literary studies, are bringing interdisciplinary methodologies and critical concerns to the study of whiteness. Additionally, many anti-racist activists have spoken to issues around whiteness as they appear in community organizing, coalition building, and other forms of political movement.

News of the conference made it into USA Today at the time, but for the most part it went underreported, as boring things usually are. Especially things from that boring town, Berkeley.
Ho hum.
It was in Berkeley long ago that I grew tired of being white. Too busy watching my friends die, I guess.
Little did I know how racist I was being.
Sigh.
At least it’s all just theoretical.
Speaking of theory, Coco was staring at herself in the mirror for a long time this morning. (I think she’s contemplating canine theory.)


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11 responses to “The unbearable whiteness of being”

  1. Mike Heinz Avatar
    Mike Heinz

    Wait, wait.
    Whiteness is an American phenomenon?
    Then what the !@#$ explains the racism of Frenchmen, or the Brazilian belief that the lighter your skin the higher you can climb the corporate ladder?

  2. Sean Gleeson Avatar

    “Canine theory” is not a fair analogy to “whiteness theory”; there really is such a thing as a canine, and a well defined population of canines about whom to theorize. A better analogy would be “terrierness theory” or “collieness theory,” as breeds are a human-imposed construct.

  3. Eric Scheie Avatar

    I’ll have to take that up with Coco, whose theorizing might be rooted in Canine Narcissistic Personality Disorder (CNPD), and aggravated by her master’s parallel interest in human theory.

  4. Lori Heine Avatar

    I wonder what will become of my kitten, Dicky. He’s as black as a panther, but being raised by white little me — and here in AMERICA!
    I suppose I’d better get him in to see one of those animal shrinks. What do they call them: kitty whisperers?
    I don’t want Dicky to grow up in a state of color confusion…

  5. Harkonnendog Avatar

    I think this is a good thing, actually, because people are trying to explain what they’ve intuitively felt but not examined. They are trying to irrationalize the irrational, which is why their writing is so stilted, hard to read, and non-specific. But if enough people get involved in examining this stuff they’ll eventually figure out how stupid it is.
    Maybe.

  6. Mike Z Avatar

    There was a radio interview the other day with a professor of whiteness studies. He didn’t do very well.
    I have to wonder why it is that “black studies” is all about how great Black is (and I have no problem with that, as long as they stick to verifiable historical fact), but “whiteness studies” is all about how terrible White is.
    I have to laugh at the notion of “white privilege” every time I see a white homeless man or woman pushing a market-basket on the street.

  7. Harkonnendog Avatar

    that should be “rationalize the irrational” whoops.

  8. Eric Scheie Avatar

    Every single ethnic or identity related discipline — whether black studies, feminist studies, gay studies — is based on the premise of self affirmance and pride in the given identity. “Whiteness theory” alone is based on the premise that whiteness is bad. It’s unprecedented.
    (Unless you count specialists in Jewish Studies under the Third Reich….)

  9. Eric Scheie Avatar

    I would have included the Klan too, but I’m not sure that they ever “studied” anything.

  10. John Anderson Avatar
    John Anderson

    “… whiteness is not racial, but cultural, and premised on privilege and power …”
    But only for the US? Well, yeah, otherwise they would have to include such “white” people as “Papa Doc” and “Baby Doc” DuValier, Patrice (pattycake) Lumumba, “Just call me Bob” Mugambe, and many more.

  11. […] wait a minute. I know the hate-your-whiteness phenomenon is nothing new, but I think it’s time to ask a few […]